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众所周知，centos 7 在2024年6月30日，生命周期结束，官方不再进行支持维护，而很多环境一时之间无法完全更新替换操作系统，因此对于yum源还是需要的，特别是对于互联网环境来说，在线yum源使用方便很多，而不需要去搭建本地yum源和内网yum源。

这里以阿里云为例，其他国内开源镜像站类似。此处主要以7.9为例。

1. 备份默认的repo文件

cd /etc/yum.repos.d

mkdir backup

mv *.repo backup

2.配置阿里云的yum源

cat > CentOS-aliyun-lhr.repo << 'EOF'
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#released updates 
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
EOF

cat > epel-aliyun.repo <<'EOF'
[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
 
[epel-debuginfo]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Debug
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/$basearch/debug
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=0
 
[epel-source]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Source
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/SRPMS
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=0
EOF

 3. 检查验证

yum  clean all

yum makecache fast


yum install vim lrzsz wget curl net-tools 

4. 其他可用yum源搜集

1）官方yum源

cat > CentOS-Base.repo <<'EOF'
[base]
name=CentOS-7.9.2009
enabled=1
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://vault.centos.org/7.9.2009/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://vault.centos.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
[updates]
name=CentOS-7.9.2009
enabled=1
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://vault.centos.org/7.9.2009/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://vault.centos.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
[extras]
name=CentOS-7.9.2009
enabled=1
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://vault.centos.org/7.9.2009/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://vault.centos.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
EOF

 2）官方epel扩展源

cat > epel.repo <<'EOF'
[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch
#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/$basearch
metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-7&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7

[epel-debuginfo]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Debug
#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/$basearch/debug
metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-debug-7&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1

[epel-source]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Source
#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/SRPMS
metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-source-7&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1
EOF

cat > epel-testing.repo <<'EOF'
[epel-testing]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - Testing - $basearch
#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/testing/7/$basearch
metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=testing-epel7&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7

[epel-testing-debuginfo]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - Testing - $basearch - Debug
#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/testing/7/$basearch/debug
metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=testing-debug-epel7&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1

[epel-testing-source]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - Testing - $basearch - Source
#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/testing/7/SRPMS
metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=testing-source-epel7&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1
EOF

3） 清华大学yum源

cat > CentOS-tsinghua.repo <<'EOF'
[base]
name=CentOS-7.9.2009
enabled=1
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/7.9.2009/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
[updates]
name=CentOS-7.9.2009
enabled=1
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/7.9.2009/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
[extras]
name=CentOS-7.9.2009
enabled=1
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/7.9.2009/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - 
enabled=1
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/7/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
EOF

4）中科大yum源

cat > CentOS-ustc.repo <<'EOF'
[base]
name=CentOS- - Base
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos-vault/centos/7.9.2009/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
[updates]
name=CentOS- - Updates
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos-vault/centos/7.9.2009/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
[extras]
name=CentOS- - Extras
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos-vault/centos/7.9.2009/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
[centosplus]
name=CentOS- - Plus
baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos-vault/centos/7.9.2009/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
EOF

5）网易yum源

cat > CentOS-163.repo <<'EOF'
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - 163.com
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos-vault/7.9.2009/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - 163.com
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos-vault/7.9.2009/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - 163.com
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos-vault/7.9.2009/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos-vault/7.9.2009/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

EOF

6) 腾讯yum源

cat > CentOS7-tencent-x86-64.repo << 'EOF'
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - base - mirrors.cloud.tencent.com
baseurl=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - updates - mirrors.cloud.tencent.com
baseurl=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - extras - mirrors.cloud.tencent.com
baseurl=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - centosplus - mirrors.cloud.tencent.com
baseurl=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
[fasttrack]
name=CentOS-$releasever - fasttrack - mirrors.cloud.tencent.com
baseurl=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/fasttrack/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[atomic]
name=CentOS-$releasever - atomic - mirrors.cloud.tencent.com
baseurl=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/atomic/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[dotnet]
name=CentOS-$releasever - dotnet - mirrors.cloud.tencent.com
baseurl=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/dotnet/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[rt]
name=CentOS-$releasever - rt - mirrors.cloud.tencent.com
baseurl=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/rt/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[sclo-rh]
name=CentOS-$releasever - sclo-rh - mirrors.cloud.tencent.com
baseurl=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/sclo/$basearch/rh/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[sclo-sclo]
name=CentOS-$releasever - sclo-sclo - mirrors.cloud.tencent.com
baseurl=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/sclo/$basearch/sclo/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
EOF

 7) 荆楚理工学院yum源

cat > CentOS7-jcut-x86-64.repo << 'EOF'
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - base - mirrors.jcut.edu.cn
baseurl=https://mirrors.jcut.edu.cn/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.jcut.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - updates - mirrors.jcut.edu.cn
baseurl=https://mirrors.jcut.edu.cn/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.jcut.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - extras - mirrors.jcut.edu.cn
baseurl=https://mirrors.jcut.edu.cn/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.jcut.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - centosplus - mirrors.jcut.edu.cn
baseurl=https://mirrors.jcut.edu.cn/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.jcut.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
[fasttrack]
name=CentOS-$releasever - fasttrack - mirrors.jcut.edu.cn
baseurl=https://mirrors.jcut.edu.cn/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/fasttrack/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.jcut.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[atomic]
name=CentOS-$releasever - atomic - mirrors.jcut.edu.cn
baseurl=https://mirrors.jcut.edu.cn/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/atomic/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.jcut.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[dotnet]
name=CentOS-$releasever - dotnet - mirrors.jcut.edu.cn
baseurl=https://mirrors.jcut.edu.cn/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/dotnet/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.jcut.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[rt]
name=CentOS-$releasever - rt - mirrors.jcut.edu.cn
baseurl=https://mirrors.jcut.edu.cn/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/rt/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.jcut.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[sclo-rh]
name=CentOS-$releasever - sclo-rh - mirrors.jcut.edu.cn
baseurl=https://mirrors.jcut.edu.cn/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/sclo/$basearch/rh/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.jcut.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[sclo-sclo]
name=CentOS-$releasever - sclo-sclo - mirrors.jcut.edu.cn
baseurl=https://mirrors.jcut.edu.cn/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/sclo/$basearch/sclo/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.jcut.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
EOF

8)  南阳理工学院yum源

cat > CentOS7-nyist-x86-64.repo << 'EOF'
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - base - mirrors.nyist.edu.cn
baseurl=https://mirrors.nyist.edu.cn/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.nyist.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - updates - mirrors.nyist.edu.cn
baseurl=https://mirrors.nyist.edu.cn/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.nyist.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - extras - mirrors.nyist.edu.cn
baseurl=https://mirrors.nyist.edu.cn/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.nyist.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - centosplus - mirrors.nyist.edu.cn
baseurl=https://mirrors.nyist.edu.cn/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.nyist.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
[fasttrack]
name=CentOS-$releasever - fasttrack - mirrors.nyist.edu.cn
baseurl=https://mirrors.nyist.edu.cn/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/fasttrack/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.nyist.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[atomic]
name=CentOS-$releasever - atomic - mirrors.nyist.edu.cn
baseurl=https://mirrors.nyist.edu.cn/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/atomic/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.nyist.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[dotnet]
name=CentOS-$releasever - dotnet - mirrors.nyist.edu.cn
baseurl=https://mirrors.nyist.edu.cn/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/dotnet/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.nyist.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[rt]
name=CentOS-$releasever - rt - mirrors.nyist.edu.cn
baseurl=https://mirrors.nyist.edu.cn/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/rt/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.nyist.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[sclo-rh]
name=CentOS-$releasever - sclo-rh - mirrors.nyist.edu.cn
baseurl=https://mirrors.nyist.edu.cn/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/sclo/$basearch/rh/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.nyist.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[sclo-sclo]
name=CentOS-$releasever - sclo-sclo - mirrors.nyist.edu.cn
baseurl=https://mirrors.nyist.edu.cn/centos-vault/centos/$releasever/sclo/$basearch/sclo/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.nyist.edu.cn/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
EOF

其他centos版本的yum源配置：

CentOS 6 在线可用yum源配置——筑梦之路_centos6可用yum源-CSDN博客

CentOS 8 停止维护后换可用yum源——筑梦之路_centos yum 阿里云镜像还支持吗-CSDN博客

参考资料：

https://www.cnblogs.com/yeziwinone/p/17916626.html

centos镜像_centos下载地址_centos安装教程-阿里巴巴开源镜像站

CentOS Vault 软件仓库镜像使用帮助 - MirrorZ Help